If you choose elringtons as your conveyancing lawyers for the purchase of your house in Canberra, we will safely guide you through the formalities of this legal process. This article is a general guide to help you understand the conveyancing process.
Sales Instructions
Building & Pest Inspections
Contract for Sale
Exchange of Contracts and payment of deposit
Stamp Duty
Settlement
Tennanted Property
Sales Instructions
If there is an Agent involved, often the first communication elringtons will receive is the Sales Instructions from the Real Estate Agent. Sales Instructions is a document prepared by the Agent once ‘offer and acceptance‘ between a Buyer and Seller has been reached. It contains details of the Buyer and the Seller, their respective lawyers, the purchase price, property details and inclusions, settlement time frame, and any special conditions.
The Contract for Sale is prepared by the Seller’s solicitor using information contained in the Sales Instructions. When elringtons are instructed to represent you in the purchase, we will request the initial sum of $500.00 from you, which will be deposited into our trust account. From this sum we will pay disbursements (out-of-pocket expenses) for property searches and enquiries. The $500.00 also covers part of our professional fees.
Building & Pest Inspections
The Seller engages a Building Consultant to carry out Building, Pest and Energy Rating inspections – by law, this should be done before the property is marketed and reports documenting their findings are included in a marketing contract that you should see before you make your offer to buy the house. The information in these reports is supposed to help you make an informed decision about your purchase. These reports then form part of the Contract for Sale, and you may have rights of recourse if any information in these reports turns out to be false or incorrect. The Building Consultant’s Tax Invoice also forms part of the Contract for Sale and, if you proceed to buy the property, it will be your responsibility as the Buyer to reimburse the Seller for the cost of the reports (excluding the Energy Efficiency Rating Report unless this is part of the building report) at the time of settlement.
Contract for Sale
The Seller’s lawyer prepares the Contract for Sale and forwards the document to us. The Contract is prepared in duplicate, with one copy provided to us for your review and signature, and the other copy retained by the Seller’s lawyer for the Seller’s review and signature. It may take up to a week for us to receive the Contract from the Seller’s lawyer.
Appointment
When we receive the Contract for Sale, an elringtons solicitor will arrange an appointment with you to:
- Review the Contract for Sale
- Discuss your finance arrangements
- Discuss your entitlements as a first home owner (if applicable)
- Generally discuss and explain the procedure, time frames etc
- Sign the Contract
- Obtain from you a cheque for $500.00 for out of pocket expenses (if not previously paid)
- Obtain from you a cheque for the deposit
- Discuss with you the amount of stamp duty to be paid (and any exemptions that may be applicable), and tell you when it will need to be paid
Following your appointment, we communicate with the Seller’s lawyer in relation to any changes that you require to the Contract.
Exchange of Contracts and payment of deposit
Exchange of Contracts takes place when both parties are satisfied with the terms of the Contract, when both parties have signed their respective copy of the Contract, and when your finance (if applicable) has been approved in writing.
We recommend that you arrange a pre-exchange inspection the property with the Agent to check the working order of appliances (stove, oven, cook-top, air-conditioning, heating etc). Any problems should be communicated to us immediately following the inspection, and before the exchange is carried out.
The Buyer provides a cheque for the agreed deposit (usually payable to the Real Estate Agent’s Trust Account) and that cheque is handed to the Seller’s lawyer on exchange. They forward the cheque to the Agent following exchange. The deposit is held in the Agent’s Trust Account until settlement has occurred. If there is no Agent, the deposit will be held in the Seller’s lawyer’s Trust Account. This money cannot be released to either the Seller or the Buyer without agreement from both parties.
During the exchange process, both Contracts (one signed by the Buyer, the other signed by the Seller) are checked to ensure that their contents are identical. The documents are then dated and physically exchanged (swapped). We receive the Contract signed by the Seller and the Seller’s lawyer receives the Contract signed by you. Once Contracts are exchanged, they are binding and both parties are locked into the transaction.
On exchange, the Buyer’s lawyer provides a Section 17 Certificate to the Seller’s lawyer, waiving the Buyer’s right to any ‘cooling off’ period.
After exchange, we apply for the relevant searches and enquiries such as rates amounts and money owing to ACTEWAGL.
Insurance
PLEASE NOTE: In the ACT the insurance risk passes to the Buyer at exchange. YOU MUST HAVE INSURANCE IN PLACE WHEN CONTRACTS ARE EXCHANGED.
Stamp Duty
Changes from 18 September 2017
In 2017, the ACT Government introduced the Barrier Free model as part of its tax reform. The model applies to transactions exchanged on or after 18 September 2017.
Under the Barrier Free model, duty only becomes liable when the title to your property is registered at Access Canberra (the end of the transaction), rather than when you exchange contracts (the beginning of the transaction).
After you lodge your documents with the Land Titles Office and your title is registered you will receive an electronic Notice of Assessment to your nominated email address with details of your duty liability. The time for payment is 14 days.
Payments must be made online using BPAY or Electronic Funds Transfer. This can be done by you or your authorised agent.
Stamp duty in the ACT is calculated based on the purchase price of the property. Elringtons will advise you of the amount of stamp duty payable when you attend your first appointment with us and guide you through the stamp duty process. More information can be found at Conveyance duty ACT.
Settlement
As the settlement date draws near, we will communicate with the Seller’s lawyer and obtain settlement figures and details of the cheques they require on settlement.
We will prepare and provide you with a detailed Settlement Statement setting out adjustments for rates, deposit paid, allowances for pest & building reports, legal fees etc.
Settlements take place in Canberra between 2.30pm-4.00pm Monday to Thursday, and 1.00pm-4.00pm on Friday.
Mortgage (if applicable)
We will write to your Mortgagee immediately after exchange and notify them of the date for settlement and provide the details they need to prepare mortgage documents.
You should expect to hear from your Mortgagee shortly after exchange as they will need to arrange for you to sign the mortgage paperwork in time for settlement.
In the weeks leading up to settlement, we will contact your Mortgagee to ‘book in’ settlement. A day or two prior to settlement, the Mortgagee will provide us with the exact amount of money available for settlement. Once we receive that figure, we will finalise details of the settlement cheques and let you know if you will be required to provide us with additional cheques for settlement.
Please note that any additional cheques provided by you for settlement must be BANK CHEQUES and these will need to be delivered to our office no later than 12:00 midday on the day of settlement.
Pre-settlement inspection
You should book a pre-settlement inspection of the property with the Agent either the day before settlement or on the morning of settlement. When the Seller vacates the property, it should be left in a clean and tidy state and in the same state as at the time of the exchange.
During the inspection, you should check that the inclusions documented in the Contract (carpets, window treatments, light fittings etc) remain and that appliances are in working order.
If the pre-settlement inspection is unsatisfactory, you should notify us immediately so we can try to resolve any problems with the Seller’s lawyer prior to settlement.
You may have the right to delay settlement if resolution cannot be achieved in time.
We emphasise the importance of a pre-settlement inspection as your right to object to the condition of the property, the removal by the Seller of any inclusions, or the working order of appliances etc may expire once settlement has occurred.
Keys
Keys will be available to you after settlement. You can usually collect keys from either the Agent or from our office. We will notify you before settlement of the location of keys so you can arrange to collect them after settlement.
After settlement
We will phone you and advise when the settlement has taken place.
We will then write to you to confirm that the purchase is complete and we will provide you with a detailed Settlement Statement, our Tax Invoice, the original Contract and any other relevant documentation.
Electricity, gas and telephone connections
The cancellation of these services is the Seller’s responsibility. Reconnection is your responsibility.
Rates and Water
ACT Revenue Office (rates) & ActewAGL (water & sewerage) will be notified of the change in ownership of the property by the Department of Regulatory Services (formerly ACT Land Titles Office) following registration of the Transfer into your name. Once this occurs, rates notices will issue directly to you as the new owner.
Tenanted Property
If you have purchased the property subject to existing tenancy, letters will be sent to the tenant and the Managing Agent after settlement advising of the change in ownership of the property and providing your contact details.
You should liaise directly with the Managing Agent in relation to ongoing property management, or otherwise.
Please contact one of our experienced property lawyers or conveyancers to make an appointment on +61 2 6206 1300, or by email on info@elringtons.com.au
[1] Off the Plan purchase agreements have different requirements for payment of Stamp Duty: DUTIES ACT 1999 – SECT 16A Payment of duty—‘off the plan’ purchase agreements
